K-9 Training in Indo Tibetan Border Police, Border Security Force and Central Reserve Police Force
during training.
2. Superiority of senses
Under almost any set of circumstances, a properly trained dog can smell, hear, and visually detect movement better than a person. Trained dogs respond to selected stimuli and alert their handlers to that which they have been trained to detect. The dogs’ detection abilities can be inconsistent; however, some variance is normal and must be considered when evaluating a dog’s performance.
3. Identifying Role for the K9 Squad
The following should be considered when evaluating the possible use of K9 squads:
a. The task to be performed.
(1) Deterrence. The obvious presence and well–published activities of the K9 Squads can successfully deter ANEs, trespassers, vandals, violent persons, and so forth.
(2) Detection. If the desired task is to detect unauthorised or suspect individuals, the dog-handler team should be assigned to a location and during a time of day or night when visual, sound, and odor distractions are at a minimum. Examples include patrolling of shopping or industrial areas after normal operating hours, patrolling a housing area during duty hours or at night, patrolling an airfield or aircraft maintenance area after normal duty hours, or searching a supposedly unoccupied building. Narcotics and explosives detector dogs (EDDs) are trained to perform their detection skills under an extremely wide range of conditions so that location and time of day are not critical factors. Detection of victims during natural and man made disasters is another task performed by SAR dogs. Patrol dogs also are trained to apprehend suspects at or near a crime scene, stop those who may attempt to escape, and to protect civilians from harm. Some dogs may be able to track suspects who have left the scene of a crime.
Section III
Starting a Police/Paramilitary Working Dog Squad
1. Determining need
The specific needs must be determined and the costs of the program must be justified. There is no easy formula to determine the number and type of K9 teams needed at any particular installation or area. The decision process involves a thorough risk and crime analysis, and an accurate evaluation of the requirements of the entire project. Normal, emergency, and contingency conditions will be analyzed for all security, law enforcement, and combat support missions.
Some of the factors to consider when determining the need for establishment of K9 squad could include:
(1) The unit mission.
(2) The size of the unit’s area of responsibility.
(3) The size of the population or the number of personnel to be served by the unit.
(4) Incident rates for appropriate crimes against property (for example, housebreaking, burglary, vandalism), crimes of violence (for example, assault, rape, bomb threats, and incidents), and drug usage (criminal cases, quantity of substances seized, level of self–admitted drug abuse, urinalysis test results, and so forth).
(5) Present capability and the commitment of a portion of the manpower resources as dog (K9) handlers.
(6) The types of terrain or in the probable areas of deployment.
(7) The types of combat support missions for which teams can be used.
(8) The number of installation facilities or areas that can be more adequately protected because of the availability or use of K9 teams.
(9) The capabilities and limitations of teams when assigned to certain types of duties.
(10) Additional considerations or guidelines to use in determining the need for a dog program or for determining the number of dogs needed in a program.
(11)Probably the most difficult obstacles to overcome in order to establish a K9 unit or concern the cost and construction of required kennel facilities. Kennel facilities should be constructed before dogs begin to arrive. Therefore, planning requires an early commitment to provide resources and construct the necessary kennel facilities. When planning for a K9 program, commanders should weigh that the advantages of adding dog teams to the force and that the associated costs are justified by reasonable expectations of reduced crime rates and increased security. Accordingly, the justification should consider such factors as the following:
(1) Increasing the effectiveness of the General Duty Troops.
(2) The additional areas that can be protected using K9 teams.
(3) The additional tasks that can be done with K9 teams that cannot be done, or cannot be done as well, with present manpower and equipment resources.
2. Kennel construction approval
Once the